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OpenAI 2026 模型怎麼看:ChatGPT、API、Codex 與退役名單一次整理

2026 年 ChatGPT 可驗證重點包括 GPT 5.4 Thinking/Pro、GPT 5.3 Instant、GPT 5.4 mini,以及方案文件中的 GPT 5.2 相關列。 API 與 ChatGPT 不是同一張清單;開發者文件另列影像生成、即時語音、文字轉語音與 Codex 相關模型。

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Abstract editorial illustration of OpenAI model names organized into ChatGPT, API, Codex, and retired categories
OpenAI Models in 2026: Current ChatGPT, API, and Retired LineupOpenAI’s 2026 model catalog is best read as separate ChatGPT, API, Codex, and retirement lists.
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Create a landscape editorial hero image for this Studio Global article: OpenAI Models in 2026: Current ChatGPT, API, and Retired Lineup. Article summary: The clearest verified 2026 ChatGPT lineup is GPT 5.4 Thinking/Pro, GPT 5.3 Instant, GPT 5.4 mini, and GPT 5.2 rows in plan docs, while major older names left ChatGPT on February 13 and March 11, 2026; treat this as an.... Topic tags: openai, chatgpt, ai models, gpt 5, api. Reference image context from search candidates: Reference image 1: visual subject "A group of professionals sitting at a modern office space, with a central person using voice-activated technology on a smartphone, illustrating the theme "Gemini Live: The Future o" source context "OpenAI Retires Older GPT Models: What the 2026 Changes Mean" Reference image 2: visual subject "OpenAI will retire GPT‑4o, GPT‑4.1, GPT‑4.1 mini and OpenAI o4‑mini in ChatGPT on 13 February 2

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OpenAI 的 2026 年模型清單,如果只問「最新是哪個」,很容易越看越亂。比較穩妥的讀法,是先分清楚三件事:ChatGPT 介面中可能看到的模型、開發者 API 文件列出的模型,以及已從 ChatGPT 退役的模型。本文依據 OpenAI 模型文件、方案限制頁、發布說明與退役公告整理;因此它是一份「可用狀態快照」,不是完整的發表時間線。[1][14][24][26][29][34]

先看一張表:2026 年可驗證陣容

面向文件中出現的模型名稱讀法
ChatGPT 推理GPT-5.4 Thinking;方案文件也列 GPT-5.4 / GPT-5.2 ThinkingOpenAI 稱 GPT-5.4 Thinking 是 ChatGPT 中能力最強的推理模型;Enterprise/Edu 方案文件列出 Thinking 長期限額為每週 200 次,且目前暫時高於此上限。[34][26]
ChatGPT 一般使用GPT-5.3 / GPT-5.2 InstantEnterprise/Edu 模型限制文件把這列標為不限量使用。[26]
ChatGPT ProGPT-5.4 / GPT-5.2 ProEnterprise/Edu 文件列出 Pro 每月 15 次請求;發布說明也指出既有 GPT-5.1 Pro 對話會接續使用 GPT-5.4 Pro。[26][33]
ChatGPT mini 或備援GPT-5.4 miniOpenAI 表示 GPT-5.4 mini 於 2026 年 3 月 18 日開始在 ChatGPT 推出;Free 與 Go 使用者可透過 + 選單的 Thinking 功能使用,其他使用者則可能在速率限制時看到它作為 fallback(備援)。[24]
API 影像、即時語音與語音生成GPT Image 1.5 / gpt-image-1.5gpt-image-1-minigpt-realtime-1.5gpt-realtime-minigpt-4o-mini-ttsOpenAI API 文件把這些列為影像生成與編輯、即時語音輸入輸出、文字轉語音等專用模型。[1]
CodexGPT-5.4、GPT-5.4-Mini、GPT-5.3-Codex、GPT-5.2-Codex、GPT-5.2、GPT-5.1-Codex-Max、GPT-5.1-Codex-miniOpenAI 的 Codex rate card 列出這些模型,並說程式碼審查使用 GPT-5.3-Codex。[29]
已從 ChatGPT 退役GPT-4o、GPT-4.1、GPT-4.1 mini、OpenAI o4-mini、GPT-5 Instant/Thinking、GPT-5.1 Instant/Thinking/ProOpenAI 退役公告指出這些模型已於 2026 年從 ChatGPT 移除;API 可用性需另外看公告與 API 文件。[14][15][33]

ChatGPT 目前主線:Instant、Thinking、Pro 要分開看

在這組引用文件中,最值得視為高階 ChatGPT 推理主線的是 GPT-5.4 Thinking。OpenAI 將它描述為 ChatGPT 中能力最強的推理模型,面向困難的真實工作情境,包括文件、影像、工具使用、研究、困難數學、試算表、前端程式碼與簡報製作。[34]

若看企業與教育方案,也就是 Enterprise 和 Edu,OpenAI 的模型限制頁列出三個主要使用列:GPT-5.3 / GPT-5.2 Instant 為不限量使用,GPT-5.4 / GPT-5.2 Thinking 的長期限額為每週 200 次,GPT-5.4 / GPT-5.2 Pro 則為每月 15 次請求。[26] 這是方案限制文件,因此不應直接解讀為每一種個人方案、每個工作區或所有地區都會看到完全相同的模型選單、命名或額度。[26]

GPT-5.4 mini 也已在 ChatGPT 文件中出現。OpenAI 的 Enterprise 與 Edu 發布說明表示,它從 2026 年 3 月 18 日開始推出;Free 與 Go 使用者可在 + 選單的 Thinking 功能中使用,其他使用者則可能在觸及速率限制時看到它作為備援模型。[24]

ChatGPT 下架,不等於 API 下架

對開發者來說,最容易踩到的坑是把 ChatGPT 模型選擇器當成 API 清單。OpenAI 的定價頁明確說,OpenAI API 與 ChatGPT Plus、Business、Enterprise、Edu 訂閱是分開計費的;GPT-4o、GPT-4.1、GPT-4.1 mini 與 o4-mini 的退役公告也寫明,當時 API 沒有變更。[2][15]

換句話說,某個模型離開 ChatGPT,不代表它必然同時離開 API。API 文件還列出不少專用模型,並不只是 ChatGPT 選單的複製版。[1]

開發者需求文件列出的模型重點說明
影像生成與編輯GPT Image 1.5 / gpt-image-1.5gpt-image-1-miniOpenAI 將 GPT Image 1.5 描述為先進的影像生成模型,gpt-image-1-mini 則是 GPT Image 1 的成本效率版本。[1]
即時語音gpt-realtime-1.5gpt-realtime-miniOpenAI 列出 gpt-realtime-1.5 作為音訊輸入、音訊輸出的最佳語音模型,gpt-realtime-mini 則是成本效率較高的即時模型。[1]
文字轉語音gpt-4o-mini-ttsOpenAI 將 GPT-4o mini TTS 列為把文字生成自然語音的模型。[1]
Codex 相關工作GPT-5.4、GPT-5.4-Mini、GPT-5.3-Codex、GPT-5.2-Codex、GPT-5.2、GPT-5.1-Codex-Max、GPT-5.1-Codex-miniCodex rate card 列出這些模型,並註明程式碼審查使用 GPT-5.3-Codex。[29]

2026 年已從 ChatGPT 退役的模型

有些熟悉的名字仍會出現在舊文章、開發者討論或公告中,但已不應視為現行 ChatGPT 模型選項。

日期從 ChatGPT 退役例外或 API 註記
2026 年 2 月 13 日GPT-4o、GPT-4.1、GPT-4.1 mini、OpenAI o4-mini、GPT-5 Instant/ThinkingOpenAI 的退役公告說,當時 API 沒有變更;Help Center 也說這些模型會繼續在 API 可用。[14][15]
2026 年 3 月 11 日GPT-5.1 Instant、GPT-5.1 Thinking、GPT-5.1 ProOpenAI 表示,既有 GPT-5.1 對話會依原模型自動接到 GPT-5.3 Instant、GPT-5.4 Thinking 或 GPT-5.4 Pro。[14][33]
2026 年 4 月 3 日GPT-4o 在 Custom GPTs 的過渡期結束OpenAI 表示 ChatGPT Business、Enterprise 與 Edu 客戶可在 Custom GPTs 中保留 GPT-4o 到 2026 年 4 月 3 日;之後 GPT-4o 會在所有方案中完全退役。[22]

舊模型名稱為什麼還會出現?

GPT-4.1 是一個仍常被提起的例子。OpenAI 曾把 GPT-4.1、GPT-4.1 mini 與 GPT-4.1 nano 作為 API 家族推出,並描述其在程式碼能力與指令遵循方面有所提升,最高支援 100 萬 token 的脈絡長度。[7] 不過,GPT-4.1 與 GPT-4.1 mini 後來已在 2026 年 2 月 13 日從 ChatGPT 退役。[14]

o3 與 o4-mini 則屬於 o 系列推理模型。OpenAI 在推出時說,這些模型被訓練成在回答前能思考更久;在 ChatGPT 中,它們可以使用網頁搜尋、檔案分析、Python、視覺推理與影像生成等工具。[8] 但 o4-mini 也已列入 2026 年 2 月 13 日從 ChatGPT 退役的名單。[14][15]

OpenAI 另有文件記錄 gpt-oss-120bgpt-oss-20b 等 open models。[17] 其中一頁指出,gpt-oss-120b 在核心推理基準上接近 OpenAI o4-mini,同時能有效率地在單張 80 GB GPU 上運行。[20] 這些資料能證明 gpt-oss 模型名稱存在,但不應把它們直接當成 ChatGPT 模型選擇器清單,或完整的 API 可用清單。[17][20]

2026 年該選哪個 OpenAI 模型?

  • 需要處理最困難的 ChatGPT 推理、研究、數學、文件、影像與工具密集型工作時,若你的方案提供,優先從 GPT-5.4 Thinking 開始。[34]
  • 若是 Enterprise/Edu 中的大量一般 ChatGPT 使用,引用的方案表把 GPT-5.3 / GPT-5.2 Instant 列為不限量使用。[26]
  • 若是較輕量的 ChatGPT 使用,或遇到速率限制時的備援情境,文件中可驗證的 2026 mini 模型是 GPT-5.4 mini[24]
  • 若要透過 API 做影像生成或編輯,應看 API 文件中的 GPT Image 1.5 / gpt-image-1.5gpt-image-1-mini[1]
  • 若要做即時語音或文字轉語音,引用的 API 文件列出 gpt-realtime-1.5gpt-realtime-minigpt-4o-mini-tts[1]
  • 若工作重點是 Codex 或程式碼相關流程,應看 Codex rate card;其中列出 GPT-5.4、GPT-5.3-Codex、GPT-5.2-Codex、GPT-5.2 與 GPT-5.1-Codex 變體,並說程式碼審查使用 GPT-5.3-Codex。[29]

重點結論

最簡潔、也最不容易誤讀的說法是:OpenAI 引用文件中的 2026 ChatGPT 主線,指向 GPT-5.4 Thinking/Pro、GPT-5.3 Instant、GPT-5.4 mini,並在方案列中保留 GPT-5.2 相關列;API 與 Codex 則另有影像、即時語音、語音生成與程式碼模型清單。[1][24][26][29][34]

相對地,GPT-4o、GPT-4.1、GPT-4.1 mini、o4-mini、GPT-5 Instant/Thinking 與 GPT-5.1 系列,應視為已從 ChatGPT 退役,而不是現行 ChatGPT 模型選項。[14][15][33]

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重點整理

  • 2026 年 ChatGPT 可驗證重點包括 GPT 5.4 Thinking/Pro、GPT 5.3 Instant、GPT 5.4 mini,以及方案文件中的 GPT 5.2 相關列。
  • API 與 ChatGPT 不是同一張清單;開發者文件另列影像生成、即時語音、文字轉語音與 Codex 相關模型。
  • GPT 4o、GPT 4.1、o4 mini、GPT 5 與 GPT 5.1 系列已從 ChatGPT 退役,但部分 API 可用性需按 API 文件與公告分開判讀。

大家也會問

「OpenAI 2026 模型怎麼看:ChatGPT、API、Codex 與退役名單一次整理」的簡短答案是什麼?

2026 年 ChatGPT 可驗證重點包括 GPT 5.4 Thinking/Pro、GPT 5.3 Instant、GPT 5.4 mini,以及方案文件中的 GPT 5.2 相關列。

最值得優先驗證的重點是什麼?

2026 年 ChatGPT 可驗證重點包括 GPT 5.4 Thinking/Pro、GPT 5.3 Instant、GPT 5.4 mini,以及方案文件中的 GPT 5.2 相關列。 API 與 ChatGPT 不是同一張清單;開發者文件另列影像生成、即時語音、文字轉語音與 Codex 相關模型。

接下來在實務上該怎麼做?

GPT 4o、GPT 4.1、o4 mini、GPT 5 與 GPT 5.1 系列已從 ChatGPT 退役,但部分 API 可用性需按 API 文件與公告分開判讀。

下一步適合探索哪個相關主題?

繼續閱讀「Claude Opus 4.7、GPT-5.5、DeepSeek V4、Kimi K2.6 基準比較:2026 年誰最值得信?」,從另一個角度查看更多引用來源。

開啟相關頁面

我應該拿這個和什麼比較?

將這個答案與「DeepSeek V4 工程解析:1M 上下文、MoE 與 API 遷移重點」交叉比對。

開啟相關頁面

繼續深入研究

研究對話

研究問題

What is OpenAI new models 2026

Studio Global AI34 個來源

附引用的答案

Bottom line

Assuming you mean the latest OpenAI models available in 2026, not only models first announced in 2026: the clearest official 2026 ChatGPT model names I could verify are GPT-5.3, GPT-5.4, and GPT-5.4 mini, with GPT-5.2 variants also listed in current plan docs.[7][9][29] Older ChatGPT models including GPT-5, GPT-5.1, GPT-4o, GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini, and o4-mini have been retired from ChatGPT, while OpenAI says API access for those retired ChatGPT models remains unchanged.[21][25][26] The current API docs also list specialized models such as GPT Image 1.5, gpt-image-1-mini, gpt-realtime-1.5, gpt-realtime-mini, and GPT-4o mini TTS.[1]

Key findings

  • OpenAI’s Help Center has a current page specifically for “GPT-5.3 and GPT-5.4 in ChatGPT,” and it describes GPT-5.4 Thinking as its most capable reasoning model in ChatGPT.[29]
  • OpenAI says GPT-5.4 mini rolled out in ChatGPT on March 18, 2026.[7]
  • Current ChatGPT Enterprise/Edu model docs list GPT-5.3 / GPT-5.2 Instant, GPT-5.4 / GPT-5.2 Thinking, and GPT-5.4 / GPT-5.2 Pro.[9]
  • OpenAI says GPT-5.1 Instant, GPT-5.1 Thinking, and GPT-5.1 Pro were retired from ChatGPT on March 11, 2026.[25]
  • OpenAI also says GPT-5, GPT-4o, GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini, and o4-mini were retired from ChatGPT on February 13, 2026.[21][25][26]

Confirmed facts

  • GPT-5.4 Thinking is presented by OpenAI as its strongest reasoning model in ChatGPT.[29]
  • GPT-5.4 mini is available in ChatGPT, including for lighter-access tiers via the “Thinking” feature, according to OpenAI’s March 18, 2026 release note.[7]
  • OpenAI’s official ChatGPT plan docs currently show GPT-5.3, GPT-5.4, and GPT-5.2 variants in use.[9]
  • OpenAI’s API docs currently show specialized model families for image generation, realtime speech, and text-to-speech.[1]
  • GPT-4.1 was officially introduced as an API family including GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini, and GPT-4.1 nano.[17]
  • OpenAI officially introduced o3 and o4-mini as reasoning models with tool use.[18]

What remains inference

  • The “new OpenAI models in 2026” most likely means the GPT-5.3 / GPT-5.4 generation, especially GPT-5.4 and GPT-5.4 mini, because those are the clearly current names on official 2026 ChatGPT pages.[7][9][29]
  • If you mean only models first launched during calendar year 2026, Insufficient evidence to give a complete launch-only list from the snippets alone, because several official pages show current availability or retirement rather than original announcement dates.[9][21][25][29]

What the evidence suggests

  • For ChatGPT users in 2026, the main current high-end models appear to be GPT-5.4 Thinking and GPT-5.4 Pro, with GPT-5.3 Instant as the faster general-use option and GPT-5.4 mini as a lighter model.[7][9][29]
  • For API users, OpenAI appears to be maintaining a broader catalog than ChatGPT, including specialized image, realtime, and voice models, and keeping some ChatGPT-retired models available in the API.[1][25][26]

Conflicting evidence or uncertainty

  • I did not find one single official “2026 model roundup” page; the answer has to be pieced together from official model notes, plan-limit pages, and retirement notices.[7][9][21][25][29]
  • I also found official pages for “open models” and “gpt-oss,” but the search snippets did not give enough date context for me to confidently include them as confirmed “new 2026” models in this answer.[30][33]

Open questions

  • Do you want the ChatGPT model lineup, the API model lineup, or only models first launched in 2026?
  • Do you want a simple “best model for coding, writing, research, image, and voice” recommendation list?

Sources worth trusting most

  • OpenAI API docs, because they are first-party documentation for currently supported API models.[1]
  • OpenAI Help Center model and plan pages, because they describe current ChatGPT availability, retirements, and limits, and some are updated within days.[7][9][25][29]
  • OpenAI’s own product announcement pages for GPT-4.1 and o3/o4-mini, because they confirm those model families and their intended use cases.[17][18]

Recommended next step

I can turn this into a very short cheat sheet like: “best OpenAI model in 2026 for chat, coding, research, speed, cheapest API, image, and voice.” If you want, I’ll make it simple.

Summary

The strongest official evidence points to GPT-5.3, GPT-5.4, and GPT-5.4 mini as OpenAI’s clearly current ChatGPT-era models in 2026, with GPT-5.2 variants also still documented in plan pages.[7][9][29] Older ChatGPT models such as GPT-5.1, GPT-5, GPT-4o, GPT-4.1, and o4-mini have been retired from ChatGPT, while the API still shows a broader set of available and specialized models.[1][21][25][26]

來源

  • [1] Models | OpenAI APIdevelopers.openai.com

    View more Specialized models Purpose-built for specific tasks. Image Models for image generation and editing Image 2: gpt-image-1.5 GPT Image 1.5 State-of-the-art image generation modelImage 3: gpt-image-1-mini gpt-image-1-mini A cost-efficient version of G...

  • [2] API Pricing - OpenAIopenai.com

    No, OpenAI APIs are billed separately from ChatGPT Plus, Business, Enterprise and Edu. ChatGPT subscription pricing can be found at openai.com/chatgpt/pricing/⁠. How is pricing calculated for images? Images are converted into tokens and charged per token. T...

  • [7] Introducing GPT-4.1 in the API | OpenAIopenai.com

    (opens in a new window)(opens in a new window)(opens in a new window)(opens in a new window)(opens in a new window)(opens in a new window)(opens in a new window) OpenAI © 2015–2026 Manage Cookies English United States [...] Try in Playground Loading… Share...

  • [8] Introducing OpenAI o3 and o4-miniopenai.com

    Today, we’re releasing OpenAI o3 and o4-mini, the latest in our o-series of models trained to think for longer before responding. These are the smartest models we’ve released to date, representing a step change in ChatGPT's capabilities for everyone from cu...

  • [14] Retiring GPT-4o and other ChatGPT models - OpenAI Help Centerhelp.openai.com

    Retiring GPT-4o and other ChatGPT models GPT-4o and additional models were deprecated in ChatGPT on February 13, 2026. These models will continue to be available in the API. Updated: 2 days ago Overview As of February 13, 2026, ChatGPT retired the following...

  • [15] Retiring GPT-4o, GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini, and OpenAI o4-mini in ...openai.com

    Retiring GPT-4o, GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini, and OpenAI o4-mini in ChatGPT OpenAI Skip to main content Log inTry ChatGPT(opens in a new window) Research Products Business Developers Company Foundation(opens in a new window) Try ChatGPT(opens in a new window)Logi...

  • [17] Open models by OpenAIopenai.com

    Model performance Read the research blog gpt-oss-120bgpt-oss-20bOpenAI o3OpenAI o4-mini Reasoning & knowledge MMLU90.085.393.4 93.0 GPQA Diamond80.171.583.3 81.4 Humanity’s Last Exam19.017.324.9 17.7 Competition math AIME 202496.696.095.2 98.7 AIME 202597.9...

  • [20] Introducing gpt-oss - OpenAIopenai.com

    The gpt-oss-120b model achieves near-parity with OpenAI o4-mini on core reasoning benchmarks, while running efficiently on a single 80 GB GPU.

  • [22] ChatGPT Business - Models & Limits - OpenAI Help Centerhelp.openai.com

    ChatGPT Business - Models & Limits OpenAI Help Center Image 1: OpenAI 1. All Collections 2. ChatGPT Business 3. ChatGPT Business - Models & Limits ChatGPT Business - Models & Limits Updated: 2 days ago As of February 13, 2026, models GPT-4o, GPT-4.1, GPT-4....

  • [24] ChatGPT Enterprise & Edu - Release Notes | OpenAI Help Centerhelp.openai.com

    Legacy deep research mode deprecation notice The legacy deep research mode will be removed on Thursday, March 26, 2026. This change only affects the legacy mode; the current deep research experience will remain unchanged. Historical conversations and result...

  • [26] ChatGPT Enterprise and Edu - Models & Limits | OpenAI Help Centerhelp.openai.com

    Usage Limit Capabilities Inputs --- --- GPT-5.3 / GPT-5.2 Instant Unlimited GPTs Data analysis Search Image generation Canvas Deep research Documents Images CSVs Audio GPT-5.4 / GPT-5.2 Thinking 200 / week We’ve temporarily raised the weekly limit above 200...

  • [29] Codex rate card | OpenAI Help Centerhelp.openai.com

    Model Input Tokens Cached input tokens Output Tokens --- --- GPT-5.4 62.50 credits 6.250 credits 375 credits GPT-5.4-Mini 18.75 credits 1.875 credits 113 credits GPT-5.3-Codex 43.75 credits 4.375 credits 350 credits GPT-5.2-Codex 43.75 credits 4.375 credits...

  • [33] ChatGPT Enterprise & Edu – Release Notes | OpenAI Help Centerhelp.openai.com

    Einstellung der GPT-5.1-Modelle Ab dem 11. März 2026 sind GPT-5.1-Modelle in ChatGPT nicht mehr verfügbar. Dies gilt für GPT-5.1 Instant, GPT-5.1 Thinking und GPT-5.1 Pro. Bestehende Unterhaltungen, die GPT-5.1 verwendet haben, laufen automatisch mit dem en...

  • [34] GPT-5.3 and GPT-5.4 in ChatGPThelp.openai.com

    GPT-5.4 Thinking is our most capable reasoning model in ChatGPT and is designed for difficult, real-world work. Compared with earlier Thinking models, it is stronger at spreadsheet creation and editing, polished frontend code, slideshow creation, hard math,...