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China’s 1,007-km Hollow-Core Fiber Trial Reaches 128 Tb/s
China Telecom Research Institute, YOFC and ZTE report a 1,007.48 km real time, single fiber bidirectional trial: 800 Gb/s per wavelength and 128 Tb/s total.
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- China Telecom Research Institute, YOFC and ZTE report a 1,007.48 km real time, single fiber bidirectional trial: 800 Gb/s per wavelength and 128 Tb/s total.
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openai.comCreate a landscape editorial hero image for this Studio Global article: What did China Telecom Research Institute, YOFC and ZTE, acting as co-builders of a national key laboratory, announce on November 2, 2026, a. Article summary: On November 2, 2026, China Telecom Research Institute announced that it, YOFC and ZTE had completed a 1,007.48 km hollow-core-fiber trial carrying real-time, single-fiber bidirectional traffic at 800 Gb/s per wavelength . Topic tags: general, academic, general web, government. Style: premium digital editorial illustration, source-backed research mood, clean composition, high detail, modern web publication hero. Use reference image context only for broad subject, composition, and topical grounding; do not copy the exact image. Avoid: logos, brand marks, copyrighted characters, real person likenesses, fake screenshots, UI text, readable text, watermarks, charts w
China Telecom Research Institute, YOFC and ZTE say they completed a 1,007.48-km hollow-core fiber trial carrying real-time traffic in both directions over a single fiber. The reported system delivered 800 Gb/s per wavelength using PCS-16QAM across the extended C+L band, with total capacity of 128 Tb/s. The announcement was made on November 2, 2026, and described the organizations as co-builders of a national key laboratory. 6
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The result is notable for combining long distance, bidirectional operation and high capacity in one trial. But its implications should be kept in perspective: the record claims come from the project announcement, and no measured end-to-end latency figure was reported in the available coverage. 6
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What the trial reported
The partners highlighted three achievements:
- Long-distance real-time transmission: They claimed the world’s longest point-to-point, non-loopback real-time hollow-core fiber transmission. They reported at least 3 dB of loss margin per span and at least 3 dB of optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) system-maintenance margin.
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- Bidirectional operation at the 1,000-km scale: They described the trial as the first real-time, single-fiber bidirectional hollow-core transmission at this distance scale. Reflections reportedly caused OSNR degradation of 0.5 to 4 dB.
- An extended C+L link without gas-line absorption: The partners also claimed the longest extended-C+L-band hollow-core fiber link without gas-line absorption (GLA).
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These are reported claims by the project partners, not independently verified worldwide records. The reported reflection-related OSNR penalty is also an important qualification: bidirectional transmission was demonstrated, but reflections were not shown to have no effect. 6
How the team addressed transmission challenges
According to the announcement, the team optimized fiber manufacturing to remove carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gas-line absorption within the extended C+L band. It also selected commercial amplifiers with standard output power rather than high-power amplifiers, taking the hollow-core fiber’s loss characteristics into account. 6
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The system used lightweight transmitter pre-equalization to balance channel performance across the band. The reports also describe end-to-end modeling of reflections and inter-modal interference, plus a test simulating a partial-band dropout. In that reported test scenario, the system showed no performance degradation. That result does not erase the separately reported 0.5–4 dB OSNR degradation associated with reflections; they describe different aspects of the reported testing. 6
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Why a thousand-kilometer trial matters—and what it does not prove
Hollow-core fiber carries light mainly through a hollow core rather than a solid glass core. Published technical explanations give approximate propagation delays of 5 microseconds per kilometer for conventional glass-core fiber and 3.46 microseconds per kilometer for hollow-core fiber. At those rates, the difference over 1,000 km is about 1.54 milliseconds one way. 32
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That figure is an estimate based on those per-kilometer values—not a latency measurement from this trial. The available reports give the trial’s distance, capacity and OSNR margins, but no measured end-to-end latency. Real route latency also cannot be inferred from fiber propagation alone. 6
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The trial therefore demonstrates reported high-capacity operation over a thousand-kilometer hollow-core link and supports further work on long-distance, lower-latency backbone networks. It does not establish that a commercial route has delivered a particular latency saving, or that the partners’ world-record claims have been independently confirmed. 6
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China Telecom Research Institute, YOFC and ZTE report a 1,007.48 km real time, single fiber bidirectional trial: 800 Gb/s per wavelength and 128 Tb/s total.
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