Ethereum's core protocol development relies on a network of more than 10 client teams, research groups, and coordination outfits. For four years, the Client Incentive Program (CIP) distributed roughly $30 million annually to sustain those teams. The program expired in April 2026, and no successor mechanism has been announced .

Trent Van Epps, who served as a core development coordinator at the EF from May 2021 to April 2026, published a warning on June 19, 2026, identifying two converging pressures :

1. The EF's treasury is "limited and increasingly constrained."
2. The EF is deliberately winding down its direct spending on development.

Van Epps estimated that sustaining the over-10 teams requires approximately $30 million per year, and he projected the impact would become visible within 3 to 9 months from June 2026 . The risks he outlined include talent loss from unfunded teams and slower protocol updates, potentially stalling Ethereum's technical roadmap .

Crucially, Van Epps framed the gap as part of a deliberate transition, noting that the EF "won't be the main manager of Ethereum over the next 10 years" . The question is whether alternative ecosystem funding sources will emerge in time.

The Restructuring Announced June 23, 2026

On June 23, 2026, the EF announced its largest-ever restructuring, described as the culmination of a year-and-a-half-long reorganization .

• Workforce reduction: 54 positions eliminated, roughly 20% of its approximately 270-person workforce .
• Budget cut: A ~40% operating budget reduction for 2026 .
• Endowment model shift: A long-term plan to reduce the EF's annual spending ratio from roughly 15% of its treasury to 5% by 2030, transitioning to an endowment fund model akin to a university endowment that relies on investment returns rather than active spending .
• New structure: The remaining organization was restructured into five domain-focused clusters: Protocol Layer, Access Layer, User Layer, Community Layer, and Institutional Layer .

Co-executive director Hsiao-Wei Wang also resigned shortly before the announcement, adding to a wave of senior departures .

The Broader Strategic Shift: CROPS and "One Node Among Many"

The restructuring is the operational manifestation of a strategic pivot that Buterin outlined on May 25, 2026. In a lengthy public post, he described a deliberate move away from treating the EF as the "center of Ethereum" .

Key elements of the new direction:

• CROPS focus: The EF will refocus exclusively on Censorship resistance, Resistance to capture, Openness, Privacy, and Security — a framework first unveiled by the EF in March 2025 .
• Reduced ETH sales: The foundation will sell less ETH, preserving its treasury .
• "One node, with a defined purpose": Buterin explicitly stated the EF is not the "hub" of Ethereum but should operate as just one node in a broader ecosystem, with his own role expected to diminish over time .
• "Third iteration": The restructuring is described as part of Ethereum entering its "third iteration" — moving from proof-of-concept, through scaling (e.g., The Merge, EIP-1559), to a phase where the network is mature enough to sustain itself through decentralized coordination rather than a single foundation .

Key Implications and Unanswered Questions

The restructuring creates a clear tension: it accelerates the very funding gap Van Epps warned about, while the philosophical rationale intentionally accepts that risk as part of Ethereum's maturation. The table below summarizes the main implications.

One notable development is the launch of Ethlabs, an independent nonprofit founded by five former EF senior researchers, backed by more than $11 billion in ETH holdings. Ethlabs is tasked with solving engineering problems that prevent institutional adoption of Ethereum . This suggests some core development talent and resources may migrate to new, independent institutions rather than disappearing entirely.

The Core Tension: Decentralization Now, Funding Later?

The core tension is that the restructuring accelerates the very funding gap Van Epps warned about, while the philosophical rationale (EF as one node among many, CROPS-first, endowment model) intentionally accepts that risk as part of Ethereum's maturation toward a self-sustaining, decentralized ecosystem .

Whether the broader ecosystem fills the gap in time — or whether core development suffers a "slow-burning crisis" — remains the open question as of late June 2026 . The EF is betting that Ethereum is mature enough to thrive without a central funder. The next 3 to 9 months will test whether that bet holds.

Ethereum's core protocol development relies on a network of more than 10 client teams, research groups, and coordination outfits. For four years, the Client Incentive Program (CIP) distributed roughly $30 million annually to sustain those teams. The program expired in April 2026, and no successor mechanism has been announced .

Trent Van Epps, who served as a core development coordinator at the EF from May 2021 to April 2026, published a warning on June 19, 2026, identifying two converging pressures :

1. The EF's treasury is "limited and increasingly constrained."
2. The EF is deliberately winding down its direct spending on development.

Van Epps estimated that sustaining the over-10 teams requires approximately $30 million per year, and he projected the impact would become visible within 3 to 9 months from June 2026 . The risks he outlined include talent loss from unfunded teams and slower protocol updates, potentially stalling Ethereum's technical roadmap .

Crucially, Van Epps framed the gap as part of a deliberate transition, noting that the EF "won't be the main manager of Ethereum over the next 10 years" . The question is whether alternative ecosystem funding sources will emerge in time.

The Restructuring Announced June 23, 2026

On June 23, 2026, the EF announced its largest-ever restructuring, described as the culmination of a year-and-a-half-long reorganization .

• Workforce reduction: 54 positions eliminated, roughly 20% of its approximately 270-person workforce .
• Budget cut: A ~40% operating budget reduction for 2026 .
• Endowment model shift: A long-term plan to reduce the EF's annual spending ratio from roughly 15% of its treasury to 5% by 2030, transitioning to an endowment fund model akin to a university endowment that relies on investment returns rather than active spending .
• New structure: The remaining organization was restructured into five domain-focused clusters: Protocol Layer, Access Layer, User Layer, Community Layer, and Institutional Layer .

Co-executive director Hsiao-Wei Wang also resigned shortly before the announcement, adding to a wave of senior departures .

The Broader Strategic Shift: CROPS and "One Node Among Many"

The restructuring is the operational manifestation of a strategic pivot that Buterin outlined on May 25, 2026. In a lengthy public post, he described a deliberate move away from treating the EF as the "center of Ethereum" .

Key elements of the new direction:

• CROPS focus: The EF will refocus exclusively on Censorship resistance, Resistance to capture, Openness, Privacy, and Security — a framework first unveiled by the EF in March 2025 .
• Reduced ETH sales: The foundation will sell less ETH, preserving its treasury .
• "One node, with a defined purpose": Buterin explicitly stated the EF is not the "hub" of Ethereum but should operate as just one node in a broader ecosystem, with his own role expected to diminish over time .
• "Third iteration": The restructuring is described as part of Ethereum entering its "third iteration" — moving from proof-of-concept, through scaling (e.g., The Merge, EIP-1559), to a phase where the network is mature enough to sustain itself through decentralized coordination rather than a single foundation .

Key Implications and Unanswered Questions

The restructuring creates a clear tension: it accelerates the very funding gap Van Epps warned about, while the philosophical rationale intentionally accepts that risk as part of Ethereum's maturation. The table below summarizes the main implications.

One notable development is the launch of Ethlabs, an independent nonprofit founded by five former EF senior researchers, backed by more than $11 billion in ETH holdings. Ethlabs is tasked with solving engineering problems that prevent institutional adoption of Ethereum . This suggests some core development talent and resources may migrate to new, independent institutions rather than disappearing entirely.

The Core Tension: Decentralization Now, Funding Later?

The core tension is that the restructuring accelerates the very funding gap Van Epps warned about, while the philosophical rationale (EF as one node among many, CROPS-first, endowment model) intentionally accepts that risk as part of Ethereum's maturation toward a self-sustaining, decentralized ecosystem .

Whether the broader ecosystem fills the gap in time — or whether core development suffers a "slow-burning crisis" — remains the open question as of late June 2026 . The EF is betting that Ethereum is mature enough to thrive without a central funder. The next 3 to 9 months will test whether that bet holds.