Cash is valued by merchants primarily for its privacy and reliability . The ECB's consumer survey (SPACE) also confirms that consumers still use cash for the majority of point-of-sale transactions: 52% of such payments in the euro area were made with cash in 2024 (the most recent consumer data available) .
Mobile payment acceptance—driven by smartphone-based solutions like digital wallets and mobile apps—has seen explosive growth. In 2026, 68% of merchants with physical points of sale accepted mobile payments, nearly double the 37% recorded in the 2024 survey . This makes mobile payments the fastest-growing payment method among euro area merchants, far outpacing cards and credit transfers.
Payment cards (debit and credit) continue to be widely accepted, with 88% of physical merchants offering them . While card acceptance has not seen the same dramatic growth as mobile payments, it remains the second-most accepted method behind cash.
Cryptocurrency and stablecoins remain a rounding error in merchant acceptance. The ECB's 2026 survey was the first to distinguish acceptance between physical and online points of sale for all payment methods . The headline finding: only 0.2% of online merchants accept crypto assets such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, or Tether . In-store acceptance is similarly marginal, below 1% across all channels . Direct historical comparisons are difficult due to the new methodology, but the figure is consistently negligible.
When deciding which payment methods to offer, merchants prioritize three attributes above all others: transaction speed, reliability, and ease of use . These factors are more important than cost or customer preference for the average firm.
However, security and privacy remain critical drivers: 94% of companies cite security and 92% cite reliability as key criteria . About one in three companies (33%) report no preference on how their customers pay . Among those who do have a preference, 24% prefer debit cards, 21% prefer cash, and 14% prefer credit cards .
The survey reveals significant divergence across the euro area. While 94% of cash-accepting firms in 2024 said they expected to continue doing so over the next five years , a growing share of merchants—particularly in hotels, restaurants, and retail—have already gone cashless . The ECB has warned that the rise of automated and digital-only payment models threatens the everyday viability of cash in some member states .
Country-level variation is pronounced. For example, Italy retains a high rate of cash acceptance among small and medium-sized enterprises , while some northern European countries see a faster drift toward digital-only business models. Detailed country-by-country breakdowns are available in the full ECB report .
Cash is still the most widely accepted in-person payment method across the euro area and has rebounded from its pandemic-era dip. But mobile payments are catching up fast, while crypto remains a statistical non-factor. The divergence between countries is widening, suggesting that a one-size-fits-all payment strategy may not fit the EU's diverse national markets.
Cash is valued by merchants primarily for its privacy and reliability . The ECB's consumer survey (SPACE) also confirms that consumers still use cash for the majority of point-of-sale transactions: 52% of such payments in the euro area were made with cash in 2024 (the most recent consumer data available) .
Mobile payment acceptance—driven by smartphone-based solutions like digital wallets and mobile apps—has seen explosive growth. In 2026, 68% of merchants with physical points of sale accepted mobile payments, nearly double the 37% recorded in the 2024 survey . This makes mobile payments the fastest-growing payment method among euro area merchants, far outpacing cards and credit transfers.
Payment cards (debit and credit) continue to be widely accepted, with 88% of physical merchants offering them . While card acceptance has not seen the same dramatic growth as mobile payments, it remains the second-most accepted method behind cash.
Cryptocurrency and stablecoins remain a rounding error in merchant acceptance. The ECB's 2026 survey was the first to distinguish acceptance between physical and online points of sale for all payment methods . The headline finding: only 0.2% of online merchants accept crypto assets such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, or Tether . In-store acceptance is similarly marginal, below 1% across all channels . Direct historical comparisons are difficult due to the new methodology, but the figure is consistently negligible.
When deciding which payment methods to offer, merchants prioritize three attributes above all others: transaction speed, reliability, and ease of use . These factors are more important than cost or customer preference for the average firm.
However, security and privacy remain critical drivers: 94% of companies cite security and 92% cite reliability as key criteria . About one in three companies (33%) report no preference on how their customers pay . Among those who do have a preference, 24% prefer debit cards, 21% prefer cash, and 14% prefer credit cards .
The survey reveals significant divergence across the euro area. While 94% of cash-accepting firms in 2024 said they expected to continue doing so over the next five years , a growing share of merchants—particularly in hotels, restaurants, and retail—have already gone cashless . The ECB has warned that the rise of automated and digital-only payment models threatens the everyday viability of cash in some member states .
Country-level variation is pronounced. For example, Italy retains a high rate of cash acceptance among small and medium-sized enterprises , while some northern European countries see a faster drift toward digital-only business models. Detailed country-by-country breakdowns are available in the full ECB report .
Cash is still the most widely accepted in-person payment method across the euro area and has rebounded from its pandemic-era dip. But mobile payments are catching up fast, while crypto remains a statistical non-factor. The divergence between countries is widening, suggesting that a one-size-fits-all payment strategy may not fit the EU's diverse national markets.