What events and developments led to the US resuming airstrikes inside Iran on Wednesday, and what are the key details regarding the pause for diplomacy, the Iranian missile attack on US forces in Jordan, Trump's threat of a "massive attack" and weighing of further escalation, the

That truce collapsed Tuesday–Wednesday, July 28–29, when the IRGC launched a surprise barrage of ballistic missiles at US military installations in Jordan — including the Muwaffaq Salti Air Base, which hosts US CENTCOM personnel . The US military said all missiles in the Tuesday barrage were intercepted . But separately, an earlier Iranian missile assault on a Jordanian base on July 17 had struck modular housing units, killing two US service members .

Trump's threat of a "massive attack" and escalation calculus

On July 23, President Trump told Axios he was "seriously considering" a massive attack on Iran — larger than any strikes in Operation Epic Fury — saying "I am considering a massive attack. Bigger than ever before" . He met with top military advisers on July 24 to weigh options . By July 25, the New York Times reported he had held off on immediate major escalation . However, after the latest Iranian missile strikes on July 29, Trump pledged in a Fox News interview to "beat" Iran and deliver a major escalation . He has publicly said he is "close" to a decision on launching strikes of a new scale .

Broader regional fallout: US-Saudi strikes in Iraq

On July 28–29, the US and Saudi Arabia conducted joint precision strikes in eastern Iraq against Iran-aligned militant groups — primarily targeting the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) . Saudi Arabia said the strikes were in response to drone attacks on Saudi oil facilities . At least 20 PMF members were killed . Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi called an emergency National Security Council meeting and condemned the strikes as a "dangerous escalation" . This opened a new Iraq front in the expanding US-Iran war .

Strait of Hormuz standoff

Oman has been mediating talks between the US and Iran on reopening the Strait of Hormuz, which has been disrupted by the conflict. On July 27, Oman said those talks were "making progress" and that Tehran was engaging . However, available reporting does not confirm an explicit Iranian rejection of an Omani proposal for joint control of the Strait. The NPR report indicates talks were ongoing and that Iran had paused retaliatory attacks during the US pause — not that Tehran rejected the Omani channel. This specific detail (Iran's rejection of a joint-control proposal) is not yet corroborated in the evidence collected.

Brent crude oil above $100 a barrel

The search budget was reached before a dedicated oil-price query could return results. However, multiple reports note that the escalating conflict "destabilized energy markets yet again" and that the war has driven sustained upward pressure on oil prices . The Time article on July 25 explicitly linked the escalation to surging energy prices . While I cannot confirm the exact Brent price level on July 30 from the sources returned, the $100+ figure is consistent with the reported market stress from repeated strikes on Gulf energy infrastructure and Strait of Hormuz disruptions.

Key uncertainty: The evidence supports the collapse of the pause, the Iranian missile attack on US forces in Jordan, Trump's threat and escalation deliberations, the US-Saudi strikes in Iraq, and ongoing Omani mediation on the Strait. The specific claim about Iran rejecting an Omani joint-control proposal for the Strait of Hormuz, and the exact Brent crude price level above $100 on Wednesday, could not be independently verified within the search budget.