The AI Boom Is Splitting Asia's Stock Markets: Why Concentration Fell in China, India, and Hong Kong While Taiwan and Korea Surged

The Core Puzzle: Three Markets Bucking the Global Trend

Over the past year, China, India, and Hong Kong emerged as the only major stock markets worldwide where the largest companies account for a smaller share of total market capitalization than before. According to Bloomberg-compiled data, the ten largest companies in China now represent about 19% of total market cap, down from 26% a year ago. In India, the figure slipped from 22% to 19%, while Hong Kong remained the least top-heavy market at 9.8%, down slightly from 10% .

This pattern runs directly counter to the global trend, where large-company concentration has generally risen — driven overwhelmingly by the AI boom. The explanation lies in each market's position in the AI supply chain .

Why Concentration Fell: The Missing AI Megacap Effect

The key driver of falling concentration in these three markets is their relatively weaker direct exposure to the AI semiconductor trade that has supercharged Taiwan and South Korea . Without a local semiconductor champion pulling a handful of stocks far ahead of the rest of the market, market-cap distribution can broaden rather than narrow.

For China and Hong Kong specifically, additional forces amplified the de-concentration:

• Mainland Chinese capital flooding into Hong Kong: Mainland investors poured roughly $90 billion into Hong Kong stocks, attracted by cheaper valuations and Hong Kong's role amid intensifying China-US competition .
• A broader Hong Kong rally: Reuters reports this mainland inflow helped propel a sharp rise in Hong Kong shares — gains that were not limited to a single AI-linked champion .
• Different market leadership: The strongest Asian AI-equity impulse, by the available reporting, has been concentrated in Taiwan and South Korea's semiconductor sectors rather than in China, India, or Hong Kong .

For India, the same broad logic applies more cautiously: lacking a small group of AI-semiconductor megacaps comparable to Taiwan and South Korea, top-heavy concentration is less likely to rise for the same AI-related reason .

The AI Boom Drives the Opposite Outcome in Taiwan and South Korea

The same AI boom that left China, India, and Hong Kong without direct megacap support has supercharged market-cap growth in Taiwan and South Korea — the two Asian semiconductor powerhouses most clearly tied to the physical backbone of AI infrastructure .

Market	Key AI Driver	Market Performance	Impact on Concentration
Taiwan	TSMC and the broader AI-chip supply chain	Stock market valued at nearly $4.3 trillion; surpassed the UK in global rankings	TSMC's AI-linked re-rating increased the weight of the largest AI-exposed names
South Korea	Samsung Electronics, SK Hynix, and AI-memory supply chain	Kospi rallied about 90% in 2026, unmatched by any other major market	AI-memory earnings concentrated in large chip names pulled the top-10 share higher

How it works: The most sophisticated AI memory comes predominantly from South Korea and Taiwan, and rising prices caused by supply constraints have generated substantial wealth in those markets . In 2026, South Korea's stock market approximately doubled, while Taiwan moved past major European markets in global equity rankings . Retail and institutional investors have engaged in record buying, including leveraged positions, to ride the Asian AI semiconductor wave . The result is a much more concentrated rally in the companies that build the chips and memory needed for AI infrastructure .

Broader Implications for Investors

Concentration risk is now geography-specific. The global equity landscape has bifurcated around direct AI-semiconductor exposure .

• Markets with strong AI-exposed megacaps such as Taiwan and South Korea have become more exposed to the fortunes of a small group of semiconductor leaders .
• Markets without comparable AI-semiconductor megacaps may offer a broader base of returns, though they still carry their own country-specific risks.

Portfolio diversification across geographies is no longer just about country risk — it is also about AI exposure risk. An investor heavy in Taiwan and South Korea equities has a large implicit bet on AI semiconductor earnings continuing to grow . An investor seeking to reduce AI concentration might look more closely at markets where the chip-led megacap dynamic is absent, while still accounting for local risks such as regulation, geopolitics, liquidity, and earnings quality.

Valuation dispersion: The gap between AI-linked semiconductor markets and less directly AI-linked markets appears to have widened, creating both opportunity and danger for active managers .

The AI Bubble Debate: Key Positions

The debate over whether AI stocks are in a bubble is active and unresolved, with credible arguments on both sides .

Arguments that AI stocks are in a bubble, or heading toward one:

• Bubble-diagnostic concern: The rapid expansion of AI investment has revived the recurring question of whether AI-related assets are experiencing a bubble or whether markets are pricing a durable technology buildout .
• Valuation and momentum concern: Taiwan and South Korea have become among the world's hottest equity markets because of AI-driven semiconductor earnings, with Korea's Kospi up about 90% in 2026 .
• Overheating concern: Analysts have warned about overheating risks as retail and institutional investors poured into Asian AI-related stocks, including through leveraged investments . South Korea's Kospi more than tripled in less than 18 months, a pace outpacing even the tech-heavy Nasdaq .

Arguments that this is a durable buildout, not a bubble:

• Earnings support: The rally is not based only on narrative; Asian semiconductor manufacturers have reported surging profits tied to AI demand .
• Structural demand: AI may be viewed as a durable general-purpose technology rather than a purely speculative trade, a central possibility examined in the academic bubble-versus-buildout framework .
• Real supply-chain linkage: South Korea and Taiwan are not merely proxy trades; they supply key chips and memory used in AI infrastructure .

Bottom line: The evidence is mixed. Strong semiconductor earnings and real AI infrastructure demand support the "buildout" view . Rapid price gains, concentrated positioning, leveraged buying, and overheating warnings support the "bubble risk" view . The most balanced conclusion is that AI may be a real structural technology while still producing market behavior that requires caution, especially where prices become heavily dependent on a narrow group of AI-chip leaders .

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Sources: Data and analysis based on Bloomberg, Reuters, CNBC, BNP Paribas, and academic research available through late June 2026.